Cigdemoglu , H. Therefore, use of ICT tools in teaching and learning process becomes a great area of research for many educators. Additionally, new technologies usually encourage independent and active learning, as a result, the students feel more responsible for their own learning. Application of modern technology viz computer and communication are bringing all these to the doorstep of the people.
Creation of databases is the foremost step in the application of ICT in libraries. For creation of the databases, library has to suitable software package, keeping in mind the day to day activities of libraries viz, acquisition, cataloguing, circulation, serials control, OPAC, administration, indexing, abstracting, e-book, e-journals, e-databases, current activities services CAS and selective dissemination of information SDI etc.
So with the help of information and communication technology ICT , resource sharing can be done easily. Whereas with the help of information and communication technology ICT above mentioned library services can be provided in very less time. It is established fact that information and communication technology ICT has brought the revolution in the field of library and information science, as we have already mentioned that all library house-keeping activities like acquisition, procurement, processing, organization and dissemination of information services are based on computer, communication, reprographic and digital technologies, which has facilitated the following ICT based library services being provided to the users more effectively vizards.
Such facilities, being extended to the academicians, researchers and library users to find their required information without any barriers, are possible only because of information and communication technology ICT use in library and information centers or libraries.
Academic libraries are those libraries established, owned and funded by universities which they are part. Thus, they are often referred to as university libraries. Academic libraries also involve colleges and polytechnics libraries as an integral part of the institutions, which they serve. They design their collections and services to meet the instructional programme of the institutions.
For years, academic libraries have been acquiring, processing, circulating and preserving information materials in all media, although emphasis has been on paper-based materials such as books and journals. Introduction of information and communication technology in libraries has improved and changed the face of information acquisition, processing, dissemination, and storage.
Information is being acquired both in paper and electronic formats and libraries are able to convert some of their old collections to machine-readable format. Information and communication technology has also facilitated networking, creation and accessing of the remote electronic database, putting at the disposal of libraries and library users a wide network is slowly transforming libraries from book-centered to information-centered institutions.
Information and communication technology ICT provided an opportunity to implement electronic networks and achieve the provision of access to remote computerized information services products much easier than before. Libraries are taking advantage of the facilities available on the Internet and integrating them into their daily operations. Libraries which were considered only as the storehouses of knowledge have got a new outlook in the modern Information Communication Technology ICT era.
The activities which were carried out manually in libraries with so much pain and strain are being carried out smoothly with the help of ICT with greater effectiveness. Library organization, administration, and other technical processing have become easier and more quantum of work can be done in a relaxed mood. ICT, which is the basis for the management by objectives, generates more results at a given time.
Internet connects universities, colleges, schools and other educational institutions for information sharing and exchange. Access to information through Internet has changed the total scenario of librarianship. Library management software package: Software consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer what to do.
In a University Library, the most common computer software used are library automation software, database management software, antivirus software and application software. They are available commercially.
Library website: A library website provides a library with a website to offer its services and to tell its story to its community. In most of the library website online catalogue is included. A library web page or Universal Resource Locator URL facilitates single window access to various web enabled library services. Most of the research libraries have reprographic machine and provide photocopies of any document on demand. Microform is a generic term for all information carriers which use microfilm or similar optical media including study for the high-density recording and storage of optically encoded information in the form of micro images of printed document, bit patterns or holograms.
Networked electronic information resources: Networked electronic information resources are new vision of information of the future. These are the mainstay and life blood of present day information centers. Libraries are providing their users with access to networked information resources, i. Networking technology: The important function of network is to interconnect computers and other communication devices so that data can be transferred from one location to another instantly.
Networks allow many users materials held by a library or group of libraries. It is a computerized library catalog available to the public. Printing technology: A printer is a device that converts computer output in to printed images.
Radio frequency identification is a term used for technologies utilizing radio waves for identifying individual items automatically. It is an emerging, more effective, convenient, and cost efficient technology in library automation and security. RFID is used very similar to bar codes. Developments in RFID technology continue to yield larger memory capacities, wider reading ranges, and faster processing. Smart card for member identification: A Smart Card is a polyvinyl plastic card like a regular credit card with an embedded chip on which data is stored.
Smart cards can provide identification, authentication, data storage and application processing. Smart card readers are used to read smart cards. Storage technology: Optical disc storage technology is the most recent computer technology to enter the library community. CD ROM developed in has ability to represent various media such as text, graphics and animation, video clips and sound files into a digital environment.
The main feature of DVD is the compression technology and storing data on multi-layer sides, stores 17 GB data is currently the only credible true multimedia format. Tele Text services: Tele text is a television information retrieval service developed in the United Kingdom in the early s. It offers a range of text-based information, typically including national, international and sporting news, weather and TV schedules.
Tele text information is broadcast in the vertical blanking interval between image frames in a broadcast television signal. Teleconferencing: Teleconferencing is a generic term that denotes the combined use of telecommunications and electronic technologies as an alternative to in-person meetings. Video conferencing: Video conferencing is a method of holding conferences by transmitting and data communication networks, so that participants can both see and hear each other.
It is convenient and less expensive for conducting a conference between two or more participants situated at different remote locations. Videotext services: Videotext is a newer technology, but as in the on-line information retrieval, the information is stored in computer files and accessed through a telecommunication link. Videotext is any system that provides interactive content and displays it on a visual device, typically using modems to send data in both directions.
Voice mail: Also known as voice mail, voice message or voice bank is a computer based system that allows users and subscribers to exchange personal voice messages. Voice mail acts like a telephone machine that digitizes the incomings voice message and store for retrieval later. It is an alternative system of e-mail. Now-a-days, collection of library is not confined to physical boundaries that require the user to visit the library. Printed collections have become more expensive and not easily accessible to the users due to lack of time.
The technological encroachments have led to tremendous changes in the process of information. In IT era, no library can encounter the requirements of users with printed sources of information. Today people use the information as a primary source of information.
The internet can be used for efficient retrieval and meeting information needs. ICT based resources are now considered as being of great importance to all types of libraries and they are reducing a large share of library budgets.
They are used in abundance. These resources have solved the problem of space. Academic libraries play significant role in supporting research in all subjects.
Ahmad and Fatima stated that availability of online resources have changed the way the services academic libraries now provide to their users. It has changed the traditional practices of libraries in delivery of information to the users. Now users can have access to a variety of information and scholarly journals online. Information resources available in libraries are limited, but those available through the web are enormous.
Among these e-journals as well as aggregated e-journal databases from the major chunk of digital collections in libraries and they are growing at a phenomenal rate. E-journals are often referred to interchangeably as electronic serials, online journals and electronic periodicals.
No single library can afford to procure all journals of a single discipline. Saleem A. A short summary of this paper. Librarian Librarian Introduction: Information is a valuable resources in all types of libraries.
From past few years the library environment has changed, in terms of collection, organization and services. The e-resources have occupied a space considerably in the library collection.
The transaction of library material is fully automated. Libraries offered new web based services for the attraction of users. These changes are mainly due to the development of Information Communication Technology ICT , which has also made a sea changes in the walk of librarians life. To manage ICT, Library information professionals must have the modern skills. They need to acquire Continuous knowledge and skills on the fast changing information communication technology to provide better library services.
One of the most relevant outcomes of ICT is the INTERNET, which is necessary for academic library from ownership model to users model, from Print media to Electronic media, from archives of libraries to Access points, from information collection to analysis and repackaging, and change print information to digit information is a high impact in the libraries.
What is ICT Development? Whereas IT was used to describe the new technology in the mids up to mid —90s, focusing on the computer, ICT since the beginning of this decade, is a new concept that emphasizes the use of technology for development.
Information and Communications Technology emphasizes the uses of the computer and other technologies such as telephone to process, transport, and transfer voice and other data singularly or mixed with least interference or distortion of content.
Information and Communications Technology Development is therefore an attempt to improve on the various modules of the technology towards higher level of convergence, in order to respond more effectively to the need to communicate data or information. The improvement is more efficient if it involves both users and the industry. Users like librarians and their clients provide feedback to the industry on their products.
For instance, whereas real-time online Internet access is affordable and normative in more developed societies, societies like Nigeria do not yet have sufficient national and private infrastructural support for this. The support includes human and material resources such as skilled manpower, electricity, and telecommunications services.
The awareness of ICT technology and resources also varies from culture to culture. However, ICT Development goes beyond the improvement of technology and providing necessary infrastructure.
It also involves the training of clients in the effective utilization of ICT resources. Thus, librarians and clients require training from time to time on current ICT technology and resources. It involves research in every module of ICT with an expected outcome of improving the communication process. The research must be systematic and designed to be an integral part of ICT services.
For example, in the library, where an Internet access is available, statistics of use of the facility would be taken for: 1.
Generally, data is needed to assess: 1. Internet downtime 2. Cause of downtime a. Electricity failure b. Equipment failure c. Server failure d.
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